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De Fontaine Memorial
The De Fontaine Memorial (Malay: Tugu Peringatan De Fontaine) is a monument built by the North Borneo Chartered Company to remember the 12 May 1885 incident that led to an ambush attack to the North Borneo Armed Constabulary, in which five members of the police force were killed. The monument stands in the village of Kawang in the Malaysian state of Sabah.
== History ==
Captain A.M. de Fontaine was, prior to his recruitment as chief commissioner of the British North Borneo Constabulary, a member of the police forces of Singapore. In May 1885, he led an expedition known as the ''"Puroh Expedition"'' to search for a Murut Chief, Kandurong, who was known as a cattle thief and head hunter. Under his arrangement, G. L. Davies (Resident of the West Coast), Dr. Manson Fraser, R. M. Little (Resident Assistant) and J. E. G. Wheatley arrived at a village in Kawang on 10 May 1885 along with a detachment of police. As there was a shortage of baggage carriers from the Dusun people to carry items into the mountainous regions of Crocker Range, the Bajau headmen of Kawang were asked to supply them with 30 people. The Bajaus showed little desire to comply with the request by saying that "the carrying of heavy loads is hard for them". Then, the British Resident warned the Bajau headmen that their village would be fined if they did not follow what had been requested. The fight between the resident and the village leader became stronger as a porter from a neighbouring district discovered a stolen water buffalo in the village of the Bajaus. The Bajaus surrendered the water buffalo to the British resident, but the situation remained tense on 12 May as more porters were requested from Papar. The inhabitants of Kawang felt threatened with the request. While all of the British were waiting along with some Indian Constabulary and policemen under a tree, two Bajau men approached them with guns and began a seemingly friendly conversation with the group. Suddenly, without any warning, one of them fatally shot Dr. Fraser at point-blank range. Seven more Bajaus came with spears, running amok and killed three of the Indian Constabulary while wounding eight policemen. Little took up his revolver and gunned down three Bajaus, while another Indian Constabulary managed to seize the Bajau's gun, killing another three Bajaus and wounding two others. Seeing many of their friends been killed, the Bajaus retreated to an open plain and disappeared into the jungle. De Fontaine was severely wounded by spear during the attack and he succumbed to his injuries on 17 May 1885. De Fontaine was buried the next day in a European cemetery of Sandakan.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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